Collective Intelligence

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Hypermail
Tom Gruber, Innovations, Hypermail Story
Hypermail One of the first integrations of the Web with email, Hypermail turns standard mailing lists into published Web accounts and institutional records of conversations. This allows the product of collaboration, the email conversations where people hash out ideas and make decisions, to be a source of knowledge. In the early days of the Web,…

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Collective Knowledge Systems
Social Meets Semantic 1920 Sq
Collective Knowledge Systems: Learning from Everyone Who’s Been There, Done That The dawn of the Web (Web 1.0) revolutionized publishing and content consumption, with the Web browser as the universal interface to publishing and ecommerce sites. But production power still resided with publishers, with consumers as passive recipients. After the dot-com collapse, the consumer became…

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Collaborative Knowledge Management
Tom Gruber Innovations: Collaborative Knowledge Management: Intelligent Organizations That Learn
Collaborative Knowledge Management: Intelligent Organizations That Learn Tom has always been interested in collective intelligence, particularly in how technology can help people get smarter together. His first company, Intraspect, was an attempt to do this for the enterprise. The problem is simple yet gnarly: Human intelligence doesn’t naturally scale past groups of the size that…

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Avoiding the Travesty of the Commons

Avoiding Travesty Commons 1920 Sq
Presents ways to avoid the failure of user-contributed social web sites, including techniques for integrating structured and unstructured data.

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Helping Organizations Collaborate, Communicate, and Learn

Ahmed Galal Unsplash 1920 Sq
Describes why collaboration is an inherent problem for organizational intelligence, and how technology can be applied appropriately to help improve the performance and collective knowledge of organizations. Also presented to business and technical audiences, in variations, over the years 2002-2003.

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Collaborating around Shared Content on the WWW

Collab Around Shared 1920 Sq
Presentation at a W3C-sponsored workshop where many of the early web collaboration people demonstrated their work.

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PUBLICATION

NIKE: A National Infrastructure for Knowledge Exchange

Thomas R. Gruber , A. B. Tenenbaum, and Jay M. Tenenbaum. (1994). NIKE: A National Infrastructure for Knowledge Exchange. Enterprise Integration Technologies, Menlo Park, CA, 94025.

Context: A widely circulated white paper proposing a web- and market-based infrastructure for collaborative, knowledge-based learning and work.

Abstract: This white paper advocates the development of National Information Infrastructure (NII) technologies to support lifelong learning. The immediate, predictable impact would be to overcome existing inefficiencies in the development and delivery of learning materials. An on-line marketplace will create powerful incentives to develop new materials and provide efficient means for their widespread distribution. Advanced authoring tools will allow millions of educators, students, and specialists to contribute to a growing body of learning materials.

The longer term opportunity is to integrate technologies for network-based learning and collaboration into the work environment. Knowledge workers would apply the same skills and tools used in learning — for finding, organizing, and sharing knowledge on the network — to get the job done. They would collaborate in virtual teams and organizations that cut across temporal, geographical, and institutional boundaries. They would contribute to organizational memories that preserve valuable expertise and experience when employees move on. The new way of learning, exploiting the potential of a National Information Infrastructure, will prepare a generation for a new way of working.

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PUBLICATION

The Intraspect Knowledge Management Solution: Technical Overview

Thomas Gruber (1998). The Intraspect Knowledge Management Solution: Technical Overview.

Our first technical whitepaper, describing the Intraspect vision and how it was implemented.

Original abstract: The Intraspect Knowledge Management System provides a collaborative environment for knowledge work where people search for, collect, organize, share and collaborate around information. As they work in this environment, their work is captured and maintained as a group memory, making it available for knowledge sharing and reuse. Intraspect’s group memory contains only the information that has been put to use, and it captures the context of its use — who collected it, when it was used, for what task, how it was combined with other information, and what people in the organization said about it. The Intraspect solution is a comprehensive integration of intranet technologies for creating, working in and harvesting a group memory: distributed object storage, full text search, desktop integration, web publishing, email processing and distribution, agent-based monitoring, and brokering to other intranet services. Information in the Intraspect repository includes documents on desktops and file systems, static and dynamic web pages on remote servers, email from any Internet-compatible client or server, and any other information source served by the Internet standards HTTP or SMTP.

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PUBLICATION

2021: Mass Collaboration and the Really New Economy

Thomas Gruber (2001). 2021: Mass Collaboration and the Really New Economy. In TNTY Futures, Volume 1, Issue 6

Speculation about political and economic changes due to Internet-based information transparency, written in 2001.  TNTY Futures was the newsletter of The Next Twenty Years Series. They published articles that speculate about the future, twenty years out.  Well, folks, crack open the time capsule!

Original Abstract: In twenty years, the Internet will force cataclysmic changes in business and politics, due to transparency about the quality of goods and services drawn from collective experience.

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